Comms for Emergency Preparedness: A Step-by-Step Guide

We use information every day of our lives, sometimes it’s used to sway our opinions, and sometimes it’s used to help others.

Communication rules our very lives in one way or another.

In times of emergency, communication is even more vital. Whether it’s a natural disaster, power outage, or any other urgent situation, being able to reach out for help or receive critical information can make a difference.

This comprehensive guide will delve into the various communication strategies and tools you should consider for your emergency preparedness plan. From traditional radios to modern digital devices, we’ll explore how each can play a vital role in keeping you connected when it counts the most.

In the face of an emergency, standard communication methods such as cell phones and the internet can become unreliable. Networks may become overloaded or damaged. This is where having a robust and versatile communication plan becomes vital.

Radios for Emergencies

Radios are a cornerstone of emergency communication due to their simplicity and reliability. Let’s break down the most common types used for emergency preparedness.

AM/FM Radios

AM/FM radios are the most basic type of radio communication. They are widely available, inexpensive, and can be crucial for receiving news, weather updates, and public announcements. Most emergency radios will also include battery backup power, hand-crank, and sometimes a solar panel for additional charging methods.

NOAA Weather Radios

NOAA weather radios are specialized receivers that focus on broadcasting weather forecasts and alerts from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). These devices often feature alert functions that can wake you up or grab your attention when an urgent weather warning is issued. They also have a battery backup in case the power goes out.

Here’s a great NOAA weather radio.

CB Radios

Citizens Band (CB) radios have been used for decades by truckers and hobbyists for short-distance communication. These radios operate on 40 shared channels in the 27 MHz (11 m) band and can be a useful tool for local communication during emergencies. While their range is limited, CB radios do not require a license, making them accessible to everyone.

This is a basic CB radio.

Ham Radios

Ham radios, or amateur radios, offer the broadest range of frequencies and can be used for both local and international communication. Operators must be licensed, but the investment in learning and equipment can pay off significantly during emergencies. Ham radio operators can communicate across towns, around the world, or even into space without relying on any infrastructure.

It is true that you don’t need your license during an emergency. However, in order to properly learn how to operate a ham radio, you should do so well before an emergency, which means getting your license now and learning to operate it on a regular basis.

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Here is a popular handheld ham radio.

GMRS and FRS Radios

General Mobile Radio Service (GMRS) and Family Radio Service (FRS) radios are similar to CB radios but operate on different frequencies and have distinct advantages. GMRS radios, which require a license, can use higher power levels, leading to greater range and the option to use repeaters to extend their reach. You don’t need to take any tests, simply purchase the license.
FRS radios are license-free and are typically used for short-range, personal communication.

Here’s a basic GMRS radio.

Creating Your Emergency Communication Plan

An effective emergency communication plan is more than just owning the right equipment; it’s about knowing how to use it and having a strategy in place. Here are steps to consider:

Assessing Your Needs

Consider the types of emergencies most likely to occur in your area and tailor your communication plan accordingly. This might mean prioritizing weather alerts in tornado-prone regions or focusing on long-range communication if you live in a remote location.

Training and Practice

For more complex communication tools like ham radios, proper training and regular practice are essential. Local amateur radio clubs often offer classes and can help new operators become proficient. For other radio types, ensure everyone in your household knows how to operate them and where they are stored.

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Establishing a Communication Network

Develop a network of contacts, such as family members, neighbors, or local emergency services, and establish protocols for who to contact and when. This network can provide mutual support and information sharing during an emergency.

Regular Maintenance and Updates

Keep your equipment in good working order and update your plan as new technologies emerge or as your personal circumstances change. Check batteries, test signal reception, and ensure all users are familiar with any updates to the equipment or plan.

Advanced Communication Technologies for Emergencies

While radios are invaluable, there are also advanced technologies that can enhance your emergency communication capabilities.

Satellite Phones

Satellite phones do not rely on local infrastructure and can operate almost anywhere in the world. They can be a lifeline when traditional networks are down, but they come with a higher cost for the equipment and service.

Smartphone Apps

Several smartphone apps are designed for emergency communication and can work even with limited internet connectivity. Apps like Zello can turn your smartphone into a walkie-talkie, allowing for quick voice communication with a pre-established network. Keep in mind, many of these apps still need some type of reception in order to work.

In addition, texting may prove to be easier during an emergency with limited reception.

Social Media and Messaging Platforms

In some emergency situations, social media and messaging platforms can be effective for broadcasting information to a wide audience or checking in with friends and family. However, they are reliant on the internet or cellular networks, so they should not be the sole method in your communication plan.

Communication Tips and Tricks

In an emergency, even the best-laid plans can encounter challenges. Here are some tips and tricks to keep in mind:

Keep Power Sources Ready

Have multiple ways to power your communication devices, including batteries, solar chargers, or hand-crank generators.

Use Clear and Concise Language

When communicating in an emergency, be clear and concise to avoid confusion. If using radios, familiarize yourself with common radio etiquette and codes.

Protect Your Equipment

Store your communication devices in a waterproof, easy-to-access location to ensure they are protected from the elements and ready to use.

Stay Informed and Flexible

Emergencies are unpredictable, so stay informed about the latest communication technologies and be ready to adapt your plan if necessary.

Staying Connected When It Counts

Effective communication can be the difference between safety and danger during an emergency. Having a communication device simply means you are staying informed, and if need be, you can reach out for assistance or assist others if they need help.

From traditional radios to advanced digital solutions, you can craft a comprehensive communication plan, and ensure that you’re prepared for any situation. Remember, the time to plan is now—before an emergency strikes.

Click here to learn more about making your own emergency disaster plan.